Morphine Sulfate
Acetaminophen/Tylenol
ASA / Acetylsalicylic Acid/Aspirin
Atropine Sulfate/Atropine
2 PAM Chloride/Pralidoxime Chloride
Diazepam/Valium
Albuterol/Proventil
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride/Benadryl
Naloxone
HCL/Narcan
Nitroglycerin/Nitrostat
Dextrose 50%
/ D50W
Ceftriaxone Sodium/Rocephin
Cefazolin Sodium/ANCEF
Dextromethophan Hydrobromine/Dextromethophan
Cyanide Treatment/Amyl Nitrite
Cyanide Treatment/Sodium Nitrite
Cyanide Treatment/Sodium
Thiosulfate
Eugenol
Simethicone/Mylanta
Gas
Kaolin Mixture with Pectin/Kaopectate
Epinephrine(Adrenalin)/Sympathetic Agent
Glucagon/Hormone,
Antihypoglycemis
Lidocaine
(Xylocaine)/Antiarrhythmic
Sodium
Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)/Alkalizing agent
Syrup
of Ipecac/Emetic
Thiamine/Vitamin
Bacitracin
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DESCRIPTION |
A natural opium alkaloid,
narcotic, analgesic, sedation. |
|
INDICATIONS |
Severe acute or chronic
pain, relieve dyspnea of acute left ventricular failure, pulmonary edema, and
pain of a MI. |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity to opiates,
increased intracranial pressure, convulsive disorders, bronchial
asthma, and respiratory depression, diarrhea caused by poisoning until the
toxic material has been eliminated. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Oral solution: Dilute in
approximately 30ml or more of fluid or semisolid food. Extended release tab
should not be broken in half, crushed, or chewed. IV administration: Give
direct. Dilute in 5ml sterile water for injection. Store at 15-30C (59-86F)
Avoid freezing. Protect all formula from light. |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: PO 10-30mg q4h or
extended release tab 15-30mg q8h IV: 2.5-15mg q4h. SC / IM: 5-20mg q4h. PR
10-20mg q4h. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Produces analgesia reduces
fever by direct action on the hypothalamus heat regulating center, which
causes peripheral vasodilatation, sweating, and dissipation of heat. |
|
INDICATIONS |
Analgesic and Antipyretic
substitute for aspirin if aspirin is not tolerated. |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Drug is hepatoxic (overdose
treatment is PO mucomyst), hypersensitivity to acetaminophen. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Anemic patients,
alcoholism, malnutrition, thrombocytopenia. |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: 1-2 tabs (325mg
650mg) PO q4h 6h, Max is 4 grams daily. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Stops the formation of
prostaglandins involved in the production of inflammation, pain, and fever
responses. |
|
INDICATIONS |
Antipyretic, Anti
Inflammatory, and Analgesic. |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity to ASA,
increased bleeding time, toxicity manifests with tinnitus and hearing loss.
Do not use teens and children due to the possibility link to Reyes Syndrome.
(Prolonged bleeding,) GI ulcers, bleeding or other problems, petechiae, easy
bruising, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, dizziness, confusion,
drowsiness. Urticaria, anaphylactic shock. Chronic rhinitis, Vitamin K
deficiencies. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Otic diseases, Children
with fever and dehydration, Cardiac disease, hepatic impairment. |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: 1 2 tabs (325mg
650mg) PO q4h. Max 4 grams daily. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Blocks
vagal impulses to the heart which decreases AV conduction, increases heart
rate, increases cardiac output, antisecretory action suppresses sweating,
lacrimination, salivation, and secretions from the nose, mouth, pharynx, and
bronchi. Produces mydriasis (dilation of pupils) and cycloplegia (paralysis
of accommodation) by blocking the iris sphincter muscle and ciliary muscle.
|
|
INDICATIONS |
Treatment
of nerve agent exposure, Cardiac arrhythmias (Heart Blocks, Bradycardia,
Arrest) Preoperatively to decrease oral and gastric secretions, ophthalmic to
dilate eyes, oral inhalation for short treatment and prevention of
bronchospasms associated with asthma, bronchitis, COPD and as a drying agent
for upper respiratory infections. |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Acute
hemorrhage, hypersensitivity to belladonna alkaloids, bladder neck
obstruction, diseases of the GI track, severe ulcerative colitis, tachycardia
secondary to cardiac insufficiency. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Myocardial
infarction, hypertension, hypotension, coronary artery disease, CHF,
tachyarrhythmias, gastric ulcers, GI infections, hyperthyroidism, chronic
lung disease, hepatic or renal disease. May cause heat injuries in hot, dry
climates. |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Nerve
Agent: Autoinjectors of 2mg for IM use.
Pre OP: 0.4mg - 0.6mg IM.
Cardiac:
0.5 1mg IV push (max 2mg).
Ophthalmic: 1gtt of 1-% solution.
|
|
DESCRIPTION |
Is an oxime. Oximes attach
to the nerve agent that is stopping the cholinesterase secretions and break
the agent-enzyme bond to restore the normal activity of the enzyme. Abnormal
activity in skeletal muscle decreases and normal strength returns. |
|
INDICATIONS |
Nerve Agent Poisoning |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
None noted |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Could cause heat injury if
used in a dry, hot environment. |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: give with the
Atropine auto injector (Mark I Kit), up to 3 sets depending on exposure to
the nerve agent exposure, then give 10mg Valium IM, If given 3 sets of the
Mark I Kits. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Frequently
used medication for anxiety and stress. In emergency care, it is used to
treat alcoholic withdrawal and grand mal seizures. It acts upon the limbic,
thalamic and hypothalamic regions of the CNS induce calming effects. Sedative, Anticonvulsant. |
|
INDICATIONS |
Use widely as an anticonvulsant, it is actually weak anticonvulsant and has short duration time.
Nerve
Agent Poisoning, Acute anxiety attacks, Alcohol withdrawal, muscle relaxant,
seizure activity, and premeditation for countershock or TCP. |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity
to the drug, substance abuses, coma, shock, and CNS depression as a result of
a head injury. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Rapid
IV administration may be followed by respiratory depression. Vein irritation,
short duration for anticonvulsant effect, reduce dose by 50% in elderly
patients, resuscitation equipment should be ready. |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Seizure
Activity: Adult 5mg over 2 min ( up to 10mg for most adults) IV q 10 15
min as needed (max dose 30mg daily)
Anxiety,
Muscle Spasm, Convulsions, Alcohol Withdrawals: Adult PO 2- 10mg b.i.d to
q.i.d or 15 30mg / d sustained released. IV / IM: 2 10mg; repeat if necessary in 3 4 hours. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Dilates the smooth muscles
of the bronchi, uterus, and vascular supply to the skeletal muscles. Produces
bronchodilation regardless of administration route, by relaxing smooth
muscles of the bronchial tree. This decreases airway resistance facilitates
mucus drainage, and increases vital capacity. |
|
INDICATIONS |
To relieve bronchospasms
associated with acute or chronic asthma, bronchitis, or other reversible
obstructive airway disease. |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Nursing mothers, and
children under 2 years old. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Cardiovascular disease,
hypertension, hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, hypersensitivity to
sympathomimetic amines or to fluorocarbon propellant used in inhalation
aerosols. |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adults: PO 2mg 4mg, 3 4 times per day. 4mg
8mg sustain released 2 times per day. Inhaled: 1 2 inhalations
q4 6 hours. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Produces
temporary relief of various allergic reactions by blocking histamine
secretions. |
|
INDICATIONS |
Allergic
reactions (uticaria) motion sickness, vertigo, reactions to blood or plasma,
and anaphylaxis as an adjunct to epinephrine and other standard measures
after acute symptoms have been controlled. |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity
to antihistamines, lower respiratory track symptoms (including acute asthma),
Narrow-angled
glaucoma GI obstruction, and bladder neck obstructions |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
History
of asthma, convulsive disorders, increased IOP, hyperthyroidism,
cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus. |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult:
allergic symptoms PO 25mg 50mg t.i.d or q.i.d (max 300mg daily)
IV
/ IM: 10mg 50mg q4 6h (max 400mg daily).
Nonproductive
Cough: Adult 25mg q4 6h. (max 100mg daily) |
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DESCRIPTION |
Naloxone
is a competitive narcotic antagonist that is used in the management and
reversal of overdoses caused by narcotics and synthetic narcotics. Compared
with other narcotic antagonists, who do not stop the analgesic properties of
opiates, Naloxone antagonizes all actions of morphine. Stops analgesic
properties of opiates. |
|
INDICATIONS |
For
the complete or partial reversal of CNS and respiratory depression induced by
opioids.
Decreased
level of consciousness, and coma of unknown origin.
Narcotic Agonist: Morphine Sulfate, Heroin,
Hydomorphone (Dilaudid), Methadone, Meperidine (Demerol), Paegoric, Fentanyl
Citrate (Sublimaze), Oxycodone (Percodan), Codeine, and Propoxyphene
(Darvon).
Narcotic Agonist /
Antagonist: Butorphanol Tartrate (Stadol), Pentazocine (Talwin), and Nalbuphine
(Nubain). |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity
to narcan. Respiratory depression not
due to opiates. |
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PRECAUTIONS |
Narcotic
dependant patients who may precipitate withdrawal symptoms with
hypertension, tachycardia, and violent behavior. (Including neonates of
narcotic dependant mothers). |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult:
Begin with 2mg IV, IM, SQ, (or ET diluted); may be repeated q 5 min intervals
to a max of 10mg.
Infusion:
Mix 8mg in 1,000 ml of D5W; infuse at 0.8 mg / hr (100 ml / hr) titrated to
desired effect. |
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NITROGLYCERIN
/ NITROSTAT |
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DESCRIPTION |
It
was originally believed that nitrates dilate the coronary blood vessels,
thereby increasing blood flow to the heart. It is now believed that
atherosclerosis limits coronary dilation and that the benefits of nitrates
are due to the dilation of arterioles and veins in the periphery. The result
is a reduction in the preload, and a lesser extent in the afterload decreases
the workload of the heart and lowers myocardial oxygen demand. Nitroglycerin
is a lipid soluble and is thought to enter the body from the GI track through
the lymphatics, rather than portal blood. |
|
INDICATIONS |
Angina
pectoris, ischemic chest pain, hypertension, and CHF associated with acute
MI. |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity,
hypotension, head injury, cerebral hemorrhage, uncorrective hypovolemia,
constrictive pericarditis, and pericardial tamponade. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Increased
susceptibility to hypotension in the elderly, pregnancy safety, Nitroglycerin
decomposes in light and heat. Must be kept in airtight containers. PO
medication Sublingual will produce a sting sensation. If given IV use an
infusion pump for precise flow rate.
When
applied use BSI, may cause syncope to the person applying the medication. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult:
0.3 0.4 tab Sublingual; may be repeated q 5 min two times.
Metered
Spray: Spray onto oral mucous using a lingual aerosol canister that 0.4mg /
min; may be repeated q 5 min two times.
Infusion:
200 400 mcg / ml at a rate of 10 20 mcg / min; increase by 5 10 mcg /
min q 5 10 min until desired effect is achieved. |
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DESCRIPTION |
The term dextrose is use
to describe the six carbon sugar d glucose, the principle form of
carbohydrate utilized by the body.
D50 is used in emergency care to treat hypoglycemia, and in the
management of coma of unknown etiology. Carbohydrate, Hypertonic Solution. |
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INDICATIONS |
Hypoglycemia altered level
of consciousness, coma of unknown etiology, and refractory cardiac arrest. |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Intracranial pressure,
Intracranial hemorrhages, knows or suspected CVA in the absence of
hypoglycemia. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Draw blood sample prior to
administration if possible. Perform Dextrosity prior to administration if
possible. Extravagation may cause tissue necrosis; use large vein and
aspirate occasionally to ensure route patency. D50 may sometimes precipitate
severe neurologic symptoms in thiamin deficient patients, for example,
alcoholics. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: 12.5 25 grams
slowly IV; May be repeated once. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Cephalosporin C antibiotic
that acts against gram-negative organisms. |
|
INDICATIONS |
Severe infections of the
urinary and biliary tracts, skin, soft tissue, and bone. Open heart surgery.
Endocarditis. |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity to any
Cephalosporin and related antibiotics. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
History of penicillin
sensitivity, impaired renal function, and patients on sodium restriction. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Moderate to severe infections: Adult IV / IM 250mg to 2 grams q 8 hours, up to
2 grams q 4 hours (max 12 grams daily). Surgical prophylaxis: Adult IV / IM 1 gram to 2 grams 30 60 min
before surgery, then q 8 hours for 24 hours. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Broad-spectrum antibiotic,
Cephalosporin (3rd generation). Stops the bacterial cell wall
synthesis, which renders cell wall osmotically unstable leading to cell
death. |
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INDICATIONS |
Gram-negative organisms,
Gram-positive organisms, lower, serious respiratory track infections, urinary
track infections, skin, bone, and joint infections, Gonococci infections, intraabdominal
infections, septicemia, and meningitis (bacterial). |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity to
cephalosporins. Infants under 1 year. |
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PRECAUTIONS |
Nursing mothers |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: IV IM 1 gram to 2
grams every day or in two equal doses. Uncomplicated gonorrhea:
260mg IM as a single dose. Meningitis: Adult: IM / IV
100mg / kg / day in equal doses every 12 hours. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Nonnarcotic antitussive
activity comparable to that of codeine but less likely to cause codeine
symptoms; i.e.: constipation, drowsiness, or GI disturbances. |
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INDICATIONS |
Temporary relief of cough
spasms in nonproductive coughs due to colds, pertussis, and influenza. |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Asthma, productive cough,
persistent or chronic cough, hepatic function impairment. |
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PRECAUTIONS |
Chronic pulmonary disease,
patients on MAO inhibitors, and enlarged prostrate. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: PO 10mg to 20mg q
4 hours or 30mg q 6 8 hours. (max 120mg daily) or, 60mg of the
sustained-action liquid b.i.d. |
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BACITRACIN |
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DESCRIPTION |
Antiinfective, antibiotic |
|
INDICATIONS |
Topical for the treatment
of superficial infections of the skin or eye. |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Toxic reaction or renal
dysfunction associated with bacitrin impaired renal function. |
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PRECAUTIONS |
Myasthenia gravis, other
neurological diseases. Hypersensitivity to neomycin. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: apply thin layer to
affected area b.i.d or t.i.d. Ophthalmic ointment; apply
in the conjunctiva sac 1 or more times per day. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Action in the treatment of
cyanide poisoning based upon the ability of amyl nitrite to convert
hemoglobin to methemoglobin, which forms a nontoxic complex with the cyanide
ion. |
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INDICATIONS |
Antidote for Cyanide
poisonings |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity to
nitrites or nitrates. Cerebral hemorrhage, head trauma, severe anemia,
hyperthyroidism, recent MI, and acute alcoholism. |
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PRECAUTIONS |
Must be given until Sodium Nitrite and Sodium
Thiosulfate can be administered. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: Inhalation 0.3ml
perle crushed every minute and inhaled for 15 30 seconds until sodium
nitrite is ready. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Action with Cyanide
poisonings is to convert hemoglobin to methemoglobin, which forms a nontoxic
complex with the Cyanide ion. |
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INDICATIONS |
Antidote for Cyanide
poisonings. |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity to
nitrites or nitrates. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Need to give the Amyl Nitrite Inhaler until Sodium
Nitrite and Sodium Thiosulfate can be administered. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
dult: 10ml IV @ 3%
solution (30mg / ml) = 300mg. Administer over 3-minute period. Give half the
dose if the signs and symptoms reoccur. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Action with Cyanide
poisonings is to convert hemoglobin to methemoglobin, which forms a nontoxic
complex with the Cyanide ion. |
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INDICATIONS |
Antidote for Cyanide
poisonings. |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Hypersensitivity to
nitrites or nitrates. |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Need to give the Amyl Nitrite Inhaler until Sodium
Nitrite and Sodium Thiosulfate can be administered. |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: 50 ml IV of a 25%
solution (250mg / ml) = 12.5 grams. Administer over a 10-minute period
beginning immediately after the nitrite administration. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Liquid substance. Temporary
filling for teeth. Local analgesia. |
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INDICATIONS |
Temporary dental filling. |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Liver disease, skin
disorders, and any eye diseases. |
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PRECAUTIONS |
Store in cool dry areas in
closed containers. Darkens and thickens upon exposure. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: place a small layer
on affected tooth, or teeth as needed. |
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DESCRIPTION |
White powdered substance.
The container must be shaken to mix the ingredients. |
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INDICATIONS |
Antidiarrhea |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Patient is constipated, or
dehydrated. |
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PRECAUTIONS |
Ensure the patient drinks a
lot of water when on this medication. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: 4 8 tablespoons
(60ml 120ml) after each loose bowel movement. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Either liquid form or tab
form. Decreases gas production, coalesce gas bubbles, and facilitate the
passage of gas through belching and expelling flatus. Antacids increase the
gastric pH, thereby neutralizing gastric acidity. Composed of inorganic salts
of aluminum, magnesium, calcium, or sodium. |
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INDICATIONS |
Antiflatulent / Antacids |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Massive GI Bleeds. |
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PRECAUTIONS |
Renal insufficiency |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Adult: 5ml 15ml PO
q.i.d., or 40mg 125mg tab q.i.d. with meals. |
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DESCRIPTION |
A potent stimulant that
increases heart rate, cardiac contractile force, myocardial electrical
activity, systemic vascular resistance, blood pressure, and automaticity. |
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INDICATIONS |
Cardiac arrest, severe
anaphylaxis, and bronchial ashtma |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
None in the patient who needs
aggressive resuscitation |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
It should be protected from
light and should not be infused with alkaline solutions, such as sodium
bicarbonate, since they will deactivate epinephrine. Epinephrine actions
are of short duration |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
1:10,000--0.5 to 1.0 mg IV
repeated every 3-5 minutes as needed followed by a 20 mL flush. (ET--2.0
to 2.5 mg) 1:1,000--0.3 to 0.5 mg SQ |
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DESCRIPTION |
A protein secreted by
pancreatic cells used to increase the blood glucose level when an IV cannot be
immediately placed. |
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INDICATIONS |
Hypoglycemia |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Patients with a know
hypersensitivity to the drug |
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PRECAUTIONS |
Effective only if sufficient
stores of glycogen in the liver. Administer with caution to patients
with history of cardiovascular or renal disease. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
Initial does: 0.25 to 0.5
IV. If IV cannot be established, administer 1 mg of glucagon IM. |
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DESCRIPTION |
Lidocaine is an agent that
increases the fibrillation threshold thereby reducing the development of
ectopy and ventricular fibrillation |
|
INDICATIONS |
More than 6 unifocal PVCs per
minute, multifocal PVCs, couplets, rums of PVCs ventricular tachycardia, and
in ventricular fibrillation |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Second-degree Mobitrz II and
third-degree heart block and bradycardias |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Side effects include lowering
LOC, confusion, irritability, muscle spasm, seizures, coma, and possibly
death. |
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DOSAGE / ROUTE |
1 to 1.5 mg/kg then 0.5 mg/kg,
then 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg every 3 to 10 min to effect or 3 mg/kg. 2 g/500 mL D5W
(4 mg/mL)--2 to 4 mg/min, titrated to effect |
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DESCRIPTION |
It provides bicarbonate to
assist the buffer system in reducing the effects of metabolic acidosis |
|
INDICATIONS |
Severe metabolic acidosis,
prolonged cardiac arrest (after ventilation and other problems have been taken
care of), and for tricyclic antidepressant and phenobarbital overdose. |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
None when used in severe
hypoxia or late cardiac arrest |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
May cause alkalosis if given
too aggressively. It may also deactivate vasopressors and may
precipitate with calcium chloride |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
1 mEq/kg initially and 0.5 mEq/kg
every 10 minutes. It is administered IV only |
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DESCRIPTION |
It acts on the emetic centers
of the brain and on the stomach to induct vomiting. Emesis usually
occurs within 5 to 10 minutes |
|
INDICATIONS |
Poisoning and overdose |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
Reduced level of consciousness,
corrosive ingestion, petroleum distillate ingestion, alkali ingestion, or
antiemetic ingestion (especially phenothiazine) |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Monitor the airway and have
suction ready. Administer activated charcoal only after emesis. Caution
with heart disease patients |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
15 to 30 mL orally, followed by
2 to 3 glasses of warm water or carbonated beverage. |
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|
DESCRIPTION |
Thiamine is vitamin B1, which
is required to convert glucose into energy. It is not manufactured by
the body and must be constantly provided from ingested food. |
|
INDICATIONS |
Coma of unknown origin, chronic
alcoholism with associated coma, and delirium tremens |
|
CONTRA-INDICATIONS |
None |
|
PRECAUTIONS |
Known hypersensitivity to the
drug |
|
DOSAGE / ROUTE |
100 mg either IV (preferred) or
IM |